Olive, Arbequina
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Tree Care:
Planting:
- Well-drained, sandy to loamy soil; full sun; proper spacing (10-15 feet apart).
Watering:
- Regular watering, especially during dry periods; allow slight drying between watering. Drought-tolerant but benefits from consistent moisture during fruit development.
Fertilizing:
- Apply balanced, slow-release fertilizer in spring. Avoid excessive nitrogen to balance vegetative growth and fruit production.
Pruning:
- Late winter or early spring pruning for shaping, removing dead/crowded branches, and thinning the canopy. Remove base suckers.
Pest and Disease Control:
- Monitor for pests like olive fruit fly or aphids. Use horticultural oil or insecticidal soap. Watch for fungal infections in humid conditions.
Harvesting:
- Harvest olives in late fall to early winter when they reach desired size and color. Handle with care to avoid damage.
Winter Care:
- Hardy in USDA zones 8 to 10. Provide winter protection in colder climates, especially for young trees, using frost blankets or burlap. Mulch for root protection.
Tree Description:
Size and Form:
- Small to medium-sized evergreen, reaching 15-20 feet with a compact, upright growth habit.
Fruit:
- Small, oval olives maturing to dark purple-black. High oil content with a mild, fruity flavor, ideal for olive oil production.
Flowers:
- Inconspicuous cream-colored flowers in spring develop into the olives later in the season.
Adaptability:
- Well-suited to various soils, including sandy and loamy. Thrives in full sun, and relatively drought-tolerant, fitting Mediterranean climates.
Hardiness:
- Hardy in USDA zones 8 to 10, sensitive to freezing temperatures when young. Winter protection may be needed in colder climates.
Landscape Use:
- Popular for both ornamental and productive purposes in landscapes. Admired for ease of cultivation and high-quality olive production, making it favored by home gardeners and commercial growers.
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